The Two Generals’ Problem
Source: Today on Rocketboom, Molly highlights the thought experiment that is the Two Generals’ Problem. Follow us on Twitter @rocketboom and be our friend on Facebook for behind the scenes photos and videos.

Today on Rocketboom, Molly highlights the thought experiment that is the Two Generals’ Problem.

Follow us on Twitter @rocketboom and be our friend on Facebook for behind the scenes photos and videos.


  1. EccentricInTexas says:

    You don’t send a messenger, you synchronize your watches before then attack at the appointed time. Didn’t the A Team teach you anything?

  2. SonyFoLife says:

    they should just use Global Hawk’s to fly over eachother, drop a tube containing the message, and use the on board cameras to confirm receipt

  3. BallawdeQuincewold says:

    I would guess that the general who sent the first messenger should order the messenger to return in order to confirm that the message was delivered. If the messenger doesn’t return then the general is safe to assume that the message was not delivered.

    That;s the simplest answer. If you want to incorporate technology then there is a huge number of solutions.

    I like the way she says, “Ornly way of communicating.” : )

  4. GroundedControl says:

    The first General should send 100 messengers, with the message “we attack at 0900, this is message N of 100 duplicate messages” The odds that all messengers will be prevented from reaching their destination is low, and the receiving general will know this, because he will receive multiple messages and know how many were sent. The attack will go on at 0900, and will be likely, though not certain to succeed.

  5. Massap2 says:

    One of the teams has a advantage here, the first general has molly in a tight skirt and bra. He sends her over to get captured, but instantly the second army falls in love by here eyes. Later that night the first army arrives and takes care of the first army while they are sleeping. Thus, molly wins.

  6. BallawdeQuincewold says:

    @GroundedControl What if the army is smaller than that? I think the solution doesn’t depend on probability.

  7. rickcheyne says:

    This is basically an analogy of how communications protocols work. The solution is to put a time limit on all “packets” or messages – ie if you don’t receive acknowledgement within x amount of time, resend the packet. Keep resending the packet/message until you get an acknowledgement. To avoid sending the same message forever and ever you might want to give up (timeout) after a while if no acknowledgement is received.

    X.25 FTW!!!

  8. eseurg says:

    use a protocol:
    - A message is only completed if you have confirmation
    - send a message via messenger
    - If confirmation has not arrived after time X, assume that message has not been delivered, send another messenger, repeat until you receive confirmation

  9. SonyFoLife says:

    WHY IS EVERY ONE WHO WATCHES THESE A FRIGGIN PERVERT!?
    leave the poor girl alone seriously its not pr0n, if you wanna see hot chicks go watch some of that tat, then you can see them NAKED
    yeah? sounds like a good idea dont it?

  10. akappleby says:

    This is easy. Stop playing the what-if game and light up your cannons. That will get the message across faster than any message runner.

  11. movieshaque says:

    if the 1st messenger returns, then you know it has been delivered, if he doesnt return in a respectable time, then the messenger is probably dead and the message has not been received by the 2nd general :p

  12. HaShomeret says:

    @SonyFoLife because porn people are one dementional. even if they bother to cater to nerdy type people its still pretty one dementional. Molly is funny and nerdy and cute, thus better then a naked chick who is none only 1 for 3 of those things.

  13. willytodanilly says:

    easy use call commands, before the battle the generals obviously had to have met or had some communications. when one general sends out the messenger and reaches the other general gives out the question call, like “toast” and if the answer is “grape” then he is authenticated. a second answer call would also be created to signify the messenger has been compromised ad the messenger would give up this word to signal the general that the messenger is a spy and can be apprehended.

  14. coolboi360 says:

    general 1: hey bro were ready
    general 2: kk ((alright guys lets go)) thanks man
    general 1: anytime bro
    mine was get a phone

  15. 8080256256 says:

    @veyron92 That doesn’t work. You still don’t know if the last confirmation got through. You know the other one’s got the message but you don’t know if he knows you received the message (until your messenger informs him that the two soldiers did get back from the rendez-vous to give you the message, he cannot be sure you really did get the info). So you send the soldier to him, but how do you know he arrived safe? You are back where you were.

  16. XMK96825 says:

    The two generals should have prepared beforehand in case such a problem came up. That or send a small group to harass the town, showing the other general you’re good to go, than the full force can storm in

  17. MrBoxturtle32 says:

    set a date and time for attack and Gen 1 sends the time, Gen 2 recieves, Gen 2 sends 2 “OK” messages to ensure delivery, Gen 1 recieves, Gen 1 and Gen 2 attack.

  18. win771 says:

    I’m not so sure about generals, but I sure knows that you can’t never get medic to deliver messages because they might drop their medicine on the way..

  19. spacehabitats says:

    Any answer involving not attacking or using another form of communication is cheating.
    Send out ten simultaneous messengers with the basic message AND the total number of messengers sent, and instructions to reply using at least as many return messengers (depending on the rate of capture) within a reasonable set time frame.

  20. Makosis says:

    The first general should include within the original message to send a smoke signal or flare at a specified time to confirm message was receive.

  21. Paradoxed25 says:

    Answer- Have your messenger return to you after he gives the message to confirm the message was sent. If he doesn’t come back, then the message was not sent. That wasn’t a hard riddle at all.

  22. eruheru says:

    @Paradoxed25 then the second general will proceed to attack assuming that the first general will attack. However, since the first general thinks the message did not make it he will not attack and the second general attacks alone

  23. doctorcatsburger says:

    They should watch Rocketboom, retweet Yokoono & go bird watching because like fishing it has never been easier and now for some Buddy Holly, If You knew MollyBoo then You’ld know why I feel blue about Molly My Molly Boo hoo hoo My Molly Boo Molly Molly Molly Molly Boo I love You Molly Boo wait one …Line?

  24. GmasterRED says:

    They should use smoke signals, drums, or banners and flags, the kinds of thing armies used to communicate before the days of radio.

  25. GmasterRED says:

    It’s impossible that the ONLY way to communicate is by messenger. They can fire shots, use drums, wave flags, use smoke signals.

  26. GmasterRED says:

    @Ayjayo
    You will never understand untill you see that blank comment field and the “0 comments” letters above the box…..nothing else matters, all that matters is being first. It is primitive and feral, going back to man’s primitive nature on the internet. Much like how all activity stops on a chan when on hunt for a Great Get.

  27. apacheah69 says:

    the first one tells the other one “you attack first and when i hear you attacking we will join in” herp a derp a derp

  28. MeansDarling says:

    Just establish smoke signals or shots fired as the start signal. Put in the message, “If this message that I am ready to attack has arrived and you are also ready, send up a smoke signal or fire three shots.”

  29. mtdeezy says:

    send a message that says to attack. if they see the other army attacking, they know they got the message and attack too….

  30. ThePgtir says:

    assume they received the message and attack that way if the other side did not get the message they will see the fighting and join

  31. MyInterwebs says:

    1st message should inform the 2nd general that the army is ready to attack and contain the following instructions:

    (hopefully in code unknown by person delivering the message and city [common practice in most armies] If captured enemy wont be able to deceive the army or know how to counter attack)

    *acknowledgement of attack confirmation, and agreement of start should be signaled by a single fire on the north of town*(if armies on west and east)

    ^city wont know were army comes from from fire

  32. fsmetal says:

    This is the internet. They should call each other noobs, throw racial slurs at each other and blame lag or hacks when they lose

  33. Andrewnuva199 says:

    The LEGO Green Army Men! HECK YEAH!@!

    Also, I’d say forget the need to confirm “message recieve” and just get to attacking.

  34. TheSlyFox16 says:

    why do they need to they need to know that the other general is ready to attack? just charge them and win the battle with their pants down!

  35. MrVKCA says:

    @MyInterwebs
    they can only communicate by messenger
    it’s a thought experiment not a real life scenario, the can’t use “signal fires”

  36. MyInterwebs says:

    1st general should number the messages and sent as many as possible. When the 2nd receives at least one. He should have an idea of how reliable the channel is and respond using the messengers necessary, while asking in the message to attack as soon as the message is received.

    ^Not perfect but I believe might work given the limitations.

  37. CraigMorton92 says:

    Experiment in attention spans, how many people reply with stuff like “Use a cell phone” or “Use a flare” completely forgetting the start of the problem stating that they can *only* communicate by messenger.

  38. tomamenas says:

    Wouldn’t just writing to attack on receiving work? that way the main force of the city would defend the (let’s say) east side and would get easily flanked from west thus creating a crossfire and ensuring the victory

  39. johnnoization says:

    the 1st general sends his messenger inquiring about the attack
    if the second general gets the message he chooses the a time and sends the same messenger back.
    he waits until the time and attacks hopefully in sync with the other general.

    there foolproof way of solving this with messengers

  40. 4Gehe2 says:

    You put the message in to box you lock the box with a lock that only the 1st general has, then you send messenger to take the box to the other general who puts hes lock on to it that open only with hes key, messenger then takes this box back to the other general who the removed hes lock off the box and then It can be opened.

  41. zorgtheoverlord says:

    @MyInterwebs they can’t use smoke signals to communicate. That breaks the laws of the situation. They can only communicate with messengers.

  42. Thegoodkingnado says:

    They use fax machines. Or email. Barring that, send 5 seperate messengers, that way you all but guarantee that at least ONE of them will arrive. Or use a bike messenger. We ALWAYS get the delivery there, on time, regardless of conditions.

  43. staygulf83 says:

    Why on earth would the attacking army want to warn the other ? I doesn’t make sense to conduct warfare that way.

  44. n10ding says:

    sit down and have a cup of hot cocoa together and put the war aside. It takes more brains to work things out that to fight it out. Testosterone does not solve problems, it only makes more!~

  45. j0m0r says:

    considering that the population of that city (/forest) consists of unarmed midgets, I think it is safe to assume that the messenger will in fact come through.

  46. Thegoodkingnado says:

    Wow.Molly is just THAT awesomely gorgeously beautifully desirably perfectly attractively seductively sexily sweet that she gets more than a post a minute in the comment! SIGH… You’re THE BEST(and the PRETTIEST), Molly!!!

  47. aureile01 says:

    @staygulf83
    Both generals are allies, they are in the same army. There are many generals in an army. Both generals could even be from different armies as long as they are allies and wish to attack the same target.

  48. EmceeGrath says:

    Theoretically the attack should start when the second messenger gets to the general with acknowledgement, right?

    Seriously though, you gave your Lego army guys guns but you didn’t give them radios? You need to work on your military budget. And that city doesn’t look fit to resist them in any event!

  49. GodKiller97 says:

    @Thegoodkingnado Obsession much. I wouldn’t be surprised if you found out where she lived and stalked, observed, and raped her.

  50. GINW63 says:

    The answer is simple. Have every messenger return to homebase after delivering the message.

    If they never return, they are dead.

  51. KingChimp100 says:

    if the message is reseeved, the one general should just attack. The other general will automaticlly know he got the message.

  52. RHawkeyed says:

    @SonicTheHedgedawg But does the 2nd general know that the 1st general knows that the 2nd general knows that the 2nd message arrived? Nope.
    One of them will always be unsure whether the last message arrived.
    That means we need a message that is only important for the receiver to know has arrived.
    But in this situation, both generals need to know that both generals know that both generals know that both generals know… and so on.

  53. RHawkeyed says:

    I hadn’t heard of this problem before, it makes for a nice thinking exercise, ty molly, ty rocketboom :)
    It’s also fun to read the comments, very few people realise that is an actual unsolvable problem, not a riddle :)
    One real life application of the problem is with wireless networking, where the data transfer can often be unreliable. How do you make a failproof protocol? The answer is, you can’t, you make one that is very very very unlikely to fail.

  54. SonicTheHedgedawg says:

    @RHawkeyed once the 4th messenger reaches the original general, both generals now know everything they need to know. The 2nd general never needs to know whether or not the 4th messenger arrived and, if he doesn’t arrive the 1st general merely needs to resend the 3rd messenger until he gets a response.

  55. MystikIncarnate says:

    this is easy… use TCP.

    SYN
    SYN/ACK
    ACK1 – I’m going to attack!
    ACK2 – go ahead.
    ACK/FIN
    FIN

    TCP. works every time.

  56. woody500z says:

    They should fight to keep Europe white, and get rid of the Jews, Africans, Asians and Arabs.

    Asian for Asians
    Africa for Africans
    Europe for everyone?

    WTF…Anti-Racism is code word for Anti-White.

    stormfront(dot)org

    And no, its not just a bunch of skinheads, don’t over look it, give it a go and find out the truth.

  57. BeastmanAiDz says:

    One general sends a message. Waits the needed time to get the message accross. Attacks without confirmation of comminucation because the general does not have time for this shite.

  58. MoonWitchRuuRuu says:

    The second messenger could carry a flare and tell the general that once he got the message to fire the flare as a warning. They could give it 3 days so if he didn’t fire off the flare, they’d send another messenger. v(=o w o=)v

  59. butler01uk2001 says:

    I love how many people have posted paragraphs they found on the internet as if you don’t already know the answer *cough* WOWJBEOWULF *cough* especially when it’s completely wrong

    Also @woody500z. Asian for the Asians?……..that makes sense….lol ¦ )

  60. bobish14 says:

    i say shoot at them, and if you hear them yelling something like “how dare you sneak attack us” than they know that they never got the message.

  61. Surprise attack!

    No seriously, why don’t they just wave a flag or something…unless the other general is on the toilet and doesn’t see the flag.

    hmmm…. How do you even know that the messenger is coming from the other general army or is acting on the general’s behalf? could just be a rogue messenger sent from some other person who wants them to go to war.

    Seriously just attack, you don’t need to tell the other general you’re going to attack…

  62. WOWJBEOWULF says:

    The Two Generals is only one part of the problem; as the militia would also send fake messages or alter captured messages and send them though–a real military study, as Generals couldn’t even trust their staff to not alter it, and would record the effects of each message for patterns of behavior and adjust it, the third problem. Communication skills alters the message, thus standards of communications are necessary to send a coherent message that can be properly understood: Common language.

  63. WOWJBEOWULF says:

    Broken communications of the Two Generals also highlights a fourth problem, was there ever a communication line that was functioning? Just like the German soldiers of World War Two attempting to run a telephone line through Stalingrad, the Russian snipers considered it their duty to shoot telephone line soldiers, thus the communication never existed and when used it as functional it is misleading. This solution is a continuous stream of messages, thus when the line is shot dead, it is obvious.

  64. WOWJBEOWULF says:

    Someone here said the Two Generals should get a cell phone; that is the fifth problem: Standard equipment. In the invasion of Grenada they had a Navy and Army but nobody talked, as the Marines were running in circles around the enemy and the Army was still sitting up a beach head, with one artillery strike using a phone through American telephone switches, by calling card. Standard equipment is necessary for the message to be properly sent and received, or we see the inadequate work around.

  65. RocketBoobs says:

    Dear Molly RocketBoobs,

    Who are you people? Why the frakk are you postulating a battlefield situation at all? Didn’t you just get done telling us to stop playing with guns?! Now your playing with toy frakking soldiers! What the FRAKK!??

    Get a real job and stop frakking with us!

  66. Telemna says:

    the answer is simple… not declaring war is the best option, and each side should just go home and smoke some pot so there can be some peace for once

  67. killerkitty2456 says:

    Each side should just not be a part of this war,
    think of all the lego kids that’ll lose a parent in it!!

  68. WOWJBEOWULF says:

    The Two Generals seventh problem is the turncoat general or non-team member general. The sixth problem of trust deals with authentication, but we have chain of command and what they service by the mission and roles; everything is authenticated and everything is proper; but one problem one is of the generals is not on the team: The message isn’t understood or incomplete, because the mission is wrong and they automatically discard it or alter it–this is also a common identity politics ploy.

  69. WOWJBEOWULF says:

    I have seen the Two Generals seventh problem on stupid people who run to judges and legal prosecutors for safety; they are lawyers and they do know the law and legal process and are proper in law, but their mission is to prosecute you and you need an actual legal defender to defend you. Roles might alter also, but this is part of the picture of the Two Generals actually being on the same team.

  70. s4m5on says:

    why would the generals warn each other “Hey I am going to attack prepare your army so i can take high casualities” thats smart

  71. ethoxyethaan says:

    Send 1000 messengers to send the initial message and another 1000 to acknowledge it.
    if that fails nuke it from orbit.

  72. ipodxdude says:

    General A would have to send a squad of 3 to a near by spot to general B’s team and set down Flairs to this area the squad of 3 would then have to use stealth and lie in wait for a response team from team B to go to the flairs if enemy infantry intercepts then C4 would make light work of them the team of 3 would then meet up with the response team and exchange intelligence the team of 3 would then return to general A with the info and the response team would return to General B

  73. MrMonkeybat says:

    By the fourth messenger they both know that they both know so no more are necessary. BTW sending messengers to the other army would make much more sense if you were asking for a cease fire rather than warning of an attack which is much better done by surprise.

  74. kshadehyaena says:

    I think the way out is to let the messengers return to their comrades after delivering the message. That way the first general will know if he didn’t get through and can send another one and only three round trips have to be made. Probably not the point of the though experiment though :>

  75. ebilly99 says:

    both send out a messanger into the middle. They meet, tell the other one the message and then head back to there side, as there side would not fire on there own.

  76. WOWJBEOWULF says:

    Russia, for World War Two, had bad communications, and had a preemptive order–any attack shall be responded immediately, even if it takes weeks or months for the government to decide that there is an actual war. Thus what Russia did, and helped create their 20-million deaths, is attack; the generals wouldn’t trust communications and attacked–Russia depends upon its size and cold winter as part of its defense, thus attack and talk about it later.

  77. WOWJBEOWULF says:

    One response to the Two Generals is do nothing, that was a response from South America, I believe Columbia, fired 3 or 4 generals who refused to take a 14-square mile town who stopped responding to the Government: No communications from the town means do nothing, for such a small nation, it just means corruption and creating a freehold.

  78. MatrixManAtYrService says:

    TCP uses a four-way handshake. If it’s good enough for the nettertubes, it’s good enough for lego war.

  79. Ph47K47 says:

    Shoot your message into a tree infront of them. There are also mirror morris code and opening fire. Both would be able to convey “yeah we’re attacking”.

  80. christiangoth84 says:

    Molly is discussing knowledge as though it requires 100% certainty, but when I am 99.999% sure of something I think of it as knowledge. When we come to the question of whether I know that he knows that I know… etcetera times 50, then I don’t need to receive a messenger to assume that we just both know how it is and move on.

  81. CHarris360 says:

    Tweet tweet!

    He rocks in the treetop all day long. Bopping and a bobbing and singing his song. All the little birdies on jaybird street love to hear the robin go tweet tweet tweet.

  82. Kaarox says:

    Just to point out and ruin things.
    Military operations are usually done by the clock.
    Synchronising watches and deciding times is usually the first thing to do before a battle.

  83. kareemDC says:

    hey guy if ur ready to attack shoot a flare in the air got it ok problem solved…molly y make thing so mush harder than they r i solved this like 5 diffrent ways in like to seconds :)

  84. Marlon says:

    They can reverse whatever process got the general to receive the initial message. If it worked once, why not ALWAYS!?

  85. wibezor says:

    Id say this dilemma should be worked out like messengers in war. After they’ve left the message they return to the once who sent the message

    SIMPLE

  86. riser202 says:

    First messenger: we are ready to attack at 1800 hours. Send a message back confirming this
    Second: we have received your message
    Attentively they could also bring a group of armed soldiers with the messenger, or even go around the where they are attacking.

  87. xInvertPBx says:

    Signal flare, gunshots, smoke signals. Tie a very long rope to the messenger and tug it thrice to singal a sent message

  88. frankylovesyall says:

    Send messenger flying a white flag to deliver a message to the other general that you will surrender on an afternoon sometime tomorrow or after. Lead your troops out a few hours behind the first messenger with orders to kill all enemies. Chances are, your man shows up and offers surrender and opposing troops get drunk to celebrate and you crash the party and slaughter everyone or if the first messenger didn’t make it, you still show up unexpectedly and turn it into an unexpected blood bath. WIN?

  89. barbiesandninjas says:

    the first messenger should tell the general to use a flare when he is ready to attack, then the other general will know when he sees the flare that he received the message and is ready to attack. then they attack.

  90. funnyfreek says:

    One general leaves the post with all of his men, and goes around the village to the other general, then they make love. The end

  91. bsabruzzo says:

    Wait, are both generals on the same side?

    If they are on opposite sides, why tell the other they are attacking?

    If they are on the same side, they should have worked out a better way of signaling each other.

  92. goodhardlife says:

    1-they should booth get a cellphone.
    2- how did they end up on different side of the city without a mean of communication … they should not be stupid to begin with.
    3- seriously a cellphone!hello. even at old times there would be a messenger pigeons or something. communication by fire. by smoke…etc
    4- one side can attack and the other general should be able to hear the screams of women and children so he will attack too.
    5-I should get a life and drop it :D

  93. moel13 says:

    Simple… they have to send a messenger right? Well, messenger would go from general one to general two with the message. After which point, he would have to return to general one. Would that messenger not simply be able to say ‘general two has recieved the message’?

  94. joen0411 says:

    I remember this in one of my computer science classes in college. Me and a friend kept thinking we could solve the problem.

  95. Axillion says:

    send an armies worth of messengers so you can be sure at least one gets through.
    but instead of messages, give them all guns.
    and have the message be bullets.

  96. ShammyKalii says:

    Come up with a plan that doesn’t require the other general, but can benefit from him. Boom. Problem solved.

    …Nah, never work. Just molotov everything.

  97. Mikey9211 says:

    There is no perfect solution- they just need to keep sending the confirmation messages, until they are reasonably confident.

    Or they could get a cellphone. Their choice.

  98. Breakyerself says:

    They should have had an agreed upon time to attack. a messenger should only be sent if the attack is to be called off. In which case only one message is required. Whoever calls off the attack should send several messengers at different times following different routes. So as to maximize the likelyhood that at least one gets through.

  99. Kasarii says:

    The general sending the first message tells the other guy to strike first, then lines up his troops and wait for something to happen.

  100. httprover says:

    The second general, knowing that the first general was ready to proceed, would commence the attack when he was ready which would be his reply to the first general.

  101. MichaelLGibbons says:

    send a messenger instead of a message. if he doesn’t come back you attack since you can claim the opposite has harmed you man if he does come back you’ll know that the message was passed on

  102. Bakakazu says:

    How can we answer such an open-ended question like this? What are the parameters? Are there technological constraints? Is there or is there not an agreed upon signal that is universal proof of message receipt?
    No matter, simply send a messenger with the explicit instructions to fire off a unique sequence of shots into the air as proof of message receipt. Also, send multiple messengers all with the same instruction to ensure that at least one survives to deliver the message. That should do it.

  103. buterfleoge says:

    On the message instruct the other general to fire a bullet into the air once he receives the message. :D Or something to that tune.~

  104. chbclark says:

    Message redundancy using five 2 man messenger elements via direct and flanking routes at simultaneous and staggered intervals. The first 3 elements go followed by the 2 overwatch elements. If one or more elements are engaged, the overwatch can either use the engaged element as a distraction and bound with the nearest unengaged element or CAT the engaged element to create a larger distraction allowing the other elements to get through. Receipt can be returned in a similar fashion.

  105. SquirePD says:

    send first messenger with a carrier pigeon. When messagener delivers message the second general can send a second message back to the first general by way of carrier pigeon. Problem solved.

  106. kaizersabre says:

    Too many people missed the point here. The Two General’s Problem is about two armies launching an attack on an enemy city from two sides, but both armies must attack at the same time in order to succeed. This is nothing to do with the two armies fighting one another.

  107. EclecticMystic says:

    The message the first general sends should be “I am ready to attack, when you are ready begin attacking and i will join you.” If the message goes through, they both attack at the same time. If the message does not go through, they both continue waiting until another messenger is sent.

  108. TigerOfKarlstad says:

    “Attack at 12PM.
    If you get this message shoot a rocket high in the sky at 11PM so I know you got the message.”

  109. EgaoNoGenki says:

    That’s why we’ve since invented radio communications. Even if radio doesn’t work, satellite will suffice.

  110. TimeLadyintheTardis says:

    Why must they fight?
    Is it truelly neccessary?

    This world is its contorted way because of war and fighting.
    Can the generals not put aside they differences, march through the forrest and proclaim peace between them, their armies and the people they are fighting for!

    War is not the answer.

    The only way to be sure is for them to speak face to face. Regaurdless of the messgae, the varrible of dying in the woods can not be removed.

    Unless they go around the woods….

  111. benshums says:

    Sometimes war is the answer. For example, in WWII, should no one have fought back against Hitler the entire world would have been taken over and turned into a ruthless dictatorship. So suppose that one of Hitler’s armies meets one of America’s armies. How do the two armies communicate with each other that they are both ready to attack?

  112. spock1066 says:

    The first general sent two messengers, one of whom went halfway. The other messenger tells the second general to send his own massenger to meet the halfway messenger. Because the halfway messengers are travelling through their own territory, they should be safe, and the reply will reach the first general.

  113. jusk2ru says:

    Send a messenger with time/date, send one back with agreement, again back with agreement confirm and back with a confirm confirm. Even if the last one won’t come they’ll both know the time of the invasion and that both sides agree.
    See Molly, no need for infinite count of messengers.

  114. bobpeters61 says:

    Back when that was a consideration, they would attack on a signal visible/audible to both attacking armies. The city could see/hear the signal to attack as well, but it would be too late for them to prepare.

  115. theonlyscar1 says:

    Tell the messenger to deliver the message then come back. If he is not back by a certain time, send another, eventually one will get through.

  116. wjob48 says:

    A pragmatic approach to dealing with the Two Generals’ Problem is to use schemes that accept the uncertainty of the communications channel and do not attempt to eliminate it, but rather mitigate it to an acceptable degree………

  117. phantasos12 says:

    The first General should have selected the “request a read receipt for this message” box in message options for Microsoft Outlook. I’m a private in the Army and I know that! This General needs to be fired!

  118. Stripdancer100 says:

    To prevent problems like this, computer engineers invented Positive Acknowledgement and Retransmission Protocol (Automatic Repeat Request Protocol) which are based on time-outs, alternate number of the frames transferred and the preset limit on the number of requests. So when a bus master has sent N messages and received no answer for X ms, it generates an error message which an operator can either acknowledge to repeat the cycle or just stop the process and check on the channel.

  119. bk108533 says:

    The Generals need to make a distinction between messages that require a confirmation and those that don’t.
    First General : I’m ready to attack -> Important
    Second Gen : Confirms and adds something like “End of Transmission” (aka EOT), indicating that he needs to confirmation for his Confirmation.

  120. serano6210 says:

    The First general needs to be clever and use a trap message delivered by his first messenger. The message should say that you would like to request one of their messengers to meet one of yours at a central point alone. Let that messenger transfer the message onto the messenger of the second general and both part ways. You can ensure the safety of the second generals messenger by making your man stand down. And well your own messenger might be collateral. So worst case scenario, you loose 2 men.

  121. Stripdancer100 says:

    What a cute and interesting video it is! A nice piece of paradox which can’t be solved militarily but can be solved in terms of computer science. Thank you, Molly!

  122. bk108533 says:

    @bk108533 …
    I ment to say “indicating that he needs NO confirmation for his Confirmation”.
    On the Internet you have two protocols that deal with this problem : one is “TCP” , the other one is “UTP”. Systems communicating with TCP will assume that communications are coming from the other end until an End Of Transmission is send or received. UTP does NOT do this check, here it is just assumed that everything that is send IS also received and thus is only used when message loss isn’t a problem.

  123. LawNickAble says:

    Please, please, please, pleaaaaase…. that music in background. What game is it from? I remember that piece but can’t recall games title

  124. DavidSebua says:

    send both messengers to the middle of the valley so they can find each other and exchange messages, then go back

  125. ironspidey0 says:

    Second general sends up a flare upon message received, which also indicates time of attack. Even if the mission is a stealth one, the soldiers will all be prepared, so the notice the enemy has will be negligible.

  126. ragenFOX says:

    send the messenger around the valley.

    or.
    let the first general send a messenger with the order to fire a signal on a specific time and date, if the first general saw the signal, thats mean they both know.

  127. Persianlife says:

    Stop_and_Wait_Protocol… Just add a Timer..if acknoledgmentdosent dosent arrived with x amount of time… then resend message … Until U get the acknoledgment….

  128. RyoLive says:

    Well, let’s imagine this situation arises, one messenger is sent to give the original message, his save arrival home is proof the message got there. Of course assuming he’s not lying when he says he delivered the message.

  129. LordNeuf says:

    They should attack the city anyway.

    Plan A : Both Generals attack simultaniously
    Plan B : Just have them go one at a time.

  130. Rocky183 says:

    This is a problem of “ifs”, what if the messenger doesn’t make it back? What if Cthulhu rises from under the nether to attack?

    Sometimes you gotta go with your gut.

  131. GenAhab says:

    The general on our left, her right, should attack. The reason for this is that the other general on our right, her left, would most likely be informed that the attack had started by his 4 heard two headed soldier who could most likely hear the gunfire with his super-de-dooper hearing.

  132. FWalshingham says:

    The messenger returns to the original general to confirm receipt. If he doesn’t come back, send another poor sod.

  133. Stripdancer100 says:

    BTW, the difference between a military and computer solution of the problem is that the latter is mostly based on a “master-slave” (server-client) interaction which means that there can’t be two master devices so when a master/client receives an answer/portion of data, it knows it can send a new request because a slave/server is always passive whereas two generals can be considered as two “masters/clients”, that’s the reason the problem can’t be solved militarily.

  134. Stripdancer100 says:

    Aside from all the content – Molly, you have a really cute haircut and dress in this video, you look like you did in one of your videos at the end of 2009!

  135. sonyvegasfxvideos says:

    First, you take the chicken.. then the corn, and return the chicken.. THEN, you bring over the wolf, and sail back, and TAKE THE GOD DAMN CHICKEN ACROSS THE RIVER.. how hard can it be??

  136. warispeace says:

    this is classic setup, been pondered for ages, it’s called “never-starting story”-dilemma
    the question is not to get an answer, but to have an answer in question before it’s questioned
    with answer, there’s no question a general had an answer to the question in the first place
    and sometimes messages are just blowing in the wind

  137. Bunitj says:

    The world is round right, so they should just send their messages to circumnavigate the world to pass messages. There by completely by passing any enemy deployment.

  138. cricketbat08 says:

    Send this message: “We are going to attack at 7pm. If we hear nothing from you by 6pm, the attack will go ahead.”

  139. Alxe73191 says:

    @DavidSebua but how will they know that the other will send a messenger? how will they know that they both plan on meeting in the center of the valley?

  140. Gregopleta says:

    @DavidSebua but, how will they both know when to go in the middle and what if one of the generals die on there way to the middle

  141. thepieworldrunner42 says:

    they should each send one massenger out to the middle of the vally to exchange the messages from one to another

  142. irishboy369 says:

    Dig up the bones of a Passenger Pigeon, use advanced technology to reintroduce the extinct species from DNA found on the bones, and send those messages over to each Generals via the Pigeon. Once each Pigeon has arrived, the Americans can blow them up with TNT making a large noise to signal the other General they have received the message. Unfortunately the Passenger Pigeon will then become extinct again, but ironically, the TNT usage was not random humour but America’s odd hunting style.

  143. marzsolt says:

    use a cellphone, fire at will, first strike starts the battle, shoot red flares towards the sky, then fire canons in the middle field…

  144. beleticka says:

    Either send multiple messengers through different routes to minimize the risk or choose a different method of delivering information. For example: visuals(fire, flags, arrows), sounds(horns, gunfire), animals(dogs,pigeons,bees). Also confirmation only increases the risk so the first general should attack either way and send enough messengers to be sure that the risk of none of them reaching their goal would be as close to zero as they feel comfortable.

  145. t0kes42o says:

    the generals should have premeditated a signal that both could easily send and receive that let each general know when the other one was ready to attack, since they didn’t they’re stuck with this mess. situational awareness, look around before you start shit.

  146. 0VoiceOfReason0 says:

    @DavidSebua like she says at around 0:28 “what if the messenger is captured in the valley and the message never arrived?”

  147. Spacepoliceman says:

    when one general sends a message then the messenger who sends the message can return the acknowledgment of message being received. The attacking general knows that the message has been received, the defending general knows that he is going to be attacked, no further messages needed. If the messenger does not return, the message will be sent again.

  148. conkt says:

    One general sends 4 messengers. The other replies with 4 messengers to confirm. Statistically, at least one of each group will make it through.

  149. belgaerthethinker says:

    This is totally ignoring the fact that the city could have sent the message trying to get them to attack at different times. Literally a man in the middle attack.
    The solution to both is to have only one messenger, and have him go back and forth. Make him leave and arrive at predetermined times (Sunup and sundown everyday for example (Actual times may vary), regardless of if a message is needed to be sent, have him run back and forth, that way they each know that the message was received)

  150. TheCustard17 says:

    Backtrace the message. If the backtrace has worked, then call the internet police. Otherwise, you might have dun goof’d!

  151. conductorPhil says:

    Just keep going. If they have an infinite supply of messengers then they will have to continue the confirmations indefinately. As such, nobody gets killed, no city gets destroyed and best of all, we can finally put all the idiots in the world to work and never need to worry about them again…

  152. schmoogenx says:

    While the General who received the message attacks then the General who sent the message will hear the gun shots from the first general attacking, however if he didn’t hear depending on the time zone he would see smoke in the distance. But this all relies on the first messenger getting across in the first place so what happens if he didn’t?

  153. okemes26 says:

    guys, thisi is a thought experiment. Not a puzzle which you can solve.
    This query highlights the possiblities of event during the absence of knowledge due to the lag in communication.

  154. mrb692 says:

    Use signal fires instead of easily capturable messengers. General 1 lights a massive fire which signals “Ready to attack”. General 2 lights a second massive fire to signal “Message received”. Unless your enemy is a black hole, I don’t see how this could go wrong!

  155. mrb692 says:

    Use signal fires instead of easily capturable messengers. General 1 lights a fire signaling “Ready to attack!”. General 2 sees General 1′s fire and lights his own massive fire signaling “Message Received!”.

    Either that, or plan ahead. Before they set up their camps on the other sides of the valley, the Generals meet and say “On this day at this time, we both attack”. Because as we all know, prior planning prevents piss poor performance.

  156. AdiktdToLoli says:

    those two generals are idots… use signal flares… xD or if they are primitive… use an flaming arrow head… 1 shot HIGH for ready and 2 shots low if not yet… there done.. xD

  157. CWOhobbes says:

    the question states that the city is in a valley, indicating that both generals are at higher ground. With that, it would be rather simple to communicate via “messages” and “messengers” eg. fire, smoke, or light signals.

  158. RKftw68 says:

    General 1: ring ring ring
    General 2: du hello?
    General 1: yo mutha fucka u get mah message?
    General 2: yea mutha fucka. Y u no attack?
    General 1: just makin sure u gots mah mesage

  159. ljchaves says:

    The first general needs to send several messengers, anticipating that the probability of all of them being captured is unlikely. The first general must then commence with his attack no matter what, and the second general will attack, if any message is received.

  160. chentiangemalc says:

    Have redundant lines of communication i.e. satellite link, Microwave, radio, physical cable, smoke signal, fireworks, SMS, email, UPS

    Network communications should be over a VPN tunnel using multi-factored authentication to minimize chances of message capture, with authentication for client and server to ensure message has not been intercepted by the enemy.

  161. drmkkk says:

    There is no 100% solution to this, since it is possible that all of the messengers get lost and the generals are never able to say anything to each other.

  162. CaptKundalini says:

    Simple. Walk across with the Message waving a white flag giving the Messenger a certain amount of time to return with an answer. Such a thing DID happen at the Battle of the Bulge in WW II.
    The Nazi Commander sent a Messenger with a note basically saying, “We have you surrounded. Surrender or die.”
    According to legend, the American commander sent the messenger back with a message of his own.
    The Nazi Commander was given the message. It said,
    “Nuts!”

  163. WormsParty says:

    There is a solution:
    Just send a messenger every 10 minutes or so until one returns, then attacks.
    On the receiver side send an acknowledgement to every message. If he doesn’t receive any duplicate in 10 minutes, he attacks.

  164. artsnotscience says:

    This is a little like the unexpected hanging conundrum.. after two reiterations the logic doesn’t actually stand up anymore. To illustrate:

    The first general writes a proposal to attack at dawn. He signs that he’s seen it, it is sent to the second general, who signs that he has seen it. He sends it back to the first general. At this point, both generals have sighted a copy of the dawn attack plan that has bears both generals’ signatures. They both know, and they both know that they both know.

  165. lanz0r4tehwin says:

    @CaptKundalini There’s a huge difference between that and this scenario. That was a messenger from the opposing force who had a message for the enemies commander, there was no “what if he gets killed and the message never makes it” because the message was: We’re going start shelling the fuck out of you in a few hours, give up. If they don’t give up in a few hours, commence shelling the fuck out of them. Here it’s two friendlies trying to coordinate their attack.

  166. lanz0r4tehwin says:

    @DarkEvilWorm002 They were too far from each other to see or hear a shot. And a single gunshot in a war is the worst method of communication.

  167. scomatsho says:

    Send a gang of messengers and spread them out in fixed spots with good visibility. Each one can see the next until they reach the other army. When the message is delivered to the general the messenger waves back to the guy hiding in the next field, who waves to the guy in the next field etc until the signal gets back to the army.

  168. GreenrangeRemix says:

    Umm… Now I am no war expert. But if there is no apparent reason for war, why have it? :/

    Couldn’t they just go home?

  169. SaphirYoshi says:

    Set a reasonable Timelimit for Messenger to get back.General 1 sends messenger 1 to General 2, General 2 sends messenger 1 back to General 1 within the timelimit, if he doesn’t arrive within the time limit send messenger 2. and so on.

  170. GoGoOtaku says:

    They should mail the message to ROCKETBOOM so molly can read it! So EVERY general in the whole wide universe (except regions with no youtube… but screw this guys) knows the message.

  171. Clintyngvie says:

    The recipient of the message could be instructed to preform a specific task (like play really laud music or fire a green flare into the sky) at a specified time as to indicate that he/she has revived the message and agrees to its contents. The sender would know when and what the recipient is do, and the message would of course have to be written in code. A code only know to the two generals.

  172. CodenameNebulous says:

    One of them just needs to record a 3D holographic image and send it through the battleground by way of an R2 droid. R2 droids are well known for their survivability.

  173. tasmandevil0811 says:

    They should PICK UP THE BLOODY TELEPHONE… :-)

    Or if that is unavailable, just pop smoke… that always works! ;-)

  174. hearttopmodel05 says:

    Send the first message, and then have the messenger come back. DUH!!! Then the general who received the message will have the message, and the one who sent it will know it showed up.

  175. IHateMadeUpNames says:

    Let’s see. Who or what would you pick to learn the fundamentals of TCP/IP? Molly sounds like a good choice :-D .

  176. indigobuffalo says:

    This problem creates a paradox and is as a result unsolvable. We studied this in my network systems class. Paradoxes like this abound in mathematics, like the Archer’s Paradox, which I believe Molly already covered.

    It’s fun to think about it but it’s like asking what happens when an unstoppable cannonball hits an unbreakable wall.

  177. phantasos12 says:

    lol, after watching this video I attended a lecture on Best Effort delivery networks. The Two Generals problem was brought up. Thanks Molly!!!

  178. BelgianGeneral says:

    They should send a Messenger declaring to the other General that they should both strife to find a new meaning of communication. The same messenger adds that his General will search for means of communication whether this messenger returns or not, and that the General who is spoken to should find a similar device of communication (let’s say, a cellphone.). Finally, the messenger adds the fact that his General will not attack before communication has been established. They also exhange numbers.

  179. calibansvg says:

    “He either fears his fate too much,
    Or his deserts are small,
    That puts it not unto the touch
    To win or lose it all”

    The general must attack as planned and trust that her fellow general will be in position to do the same.

  180. moredistractions says:

    That’s part of the “fog of war” which was a much greater issue in times past. The charge of the Light Brigade at Balaclava and the Battle of New Orleans (accidentally fought after the war had ended) are two stark examples of military disaster via miscommunications.

    I think the best solution would be to have Molly riding naked atop a galloping charger with message in hand. Enemy interceptors would be too awestruck by the sight to intervene.

  181. wiley086 says:

    @criptikclues You use the words “pseudo intelligence” to imply that I am actually un-intelligent, while comically misspelling the word “psudeo”?? First of all, this is information is rounded numbers from the US Department of Justice and BATFE and the number of gun owners in USA is closer to 80M now. Second, do not try to act intelligent and attempt a debate by criticizing my exhibit or sources. Go find your own sources imbecile. Learn how to debate facts with facts, not mindless drivel.

  182. Kirijirii says:

    they could raise flags or make smoke or sth on delivery, so that the first general sees, when the message has been delivered… or sends a second messanger after a timeout to deliver the message again

  183. Shouen says:

    Signal each other that both messages have been received with an air signal of some sort. Firework, smoke signal, send a plane over head….etc.

  184. sk3pt1chasa says:

    uhh, use just one messenger and have him make three trips, one to deliver the message, one to deliver receipt of the message and one to deliver receipt of the receipt of the message.
    if the sending general doesn’t receive receipt of the message, he should send another messenger and if the receiving general doesn’t receive receipt of the receipt of the message, he should just wait for the next messenger.
    or, much easier, the two generals, escorted, meet half way and talk it over in person :)

  185. parisnpink23 says:

    General 1 should send a messenger to tell General 2 to send a messenger to the middle of the forest to meet with his messenger. The 2 messengers talk of what actions are to be taken and report directly to their respective General.

  186. 123Spanishfly says:

    @Mynameisnotooo not if only one did the smoke signal and not alot of smoke like I’m only saying like smoke from a camp fire, like something you won’t see unless you’re looking for it.

  187. dmgirl3000 says:

    It would stop after five.

    This would be because both know that the other knows about the attack, and that is all that is necessary.

  188. TheNewNine says:

    General one sends the message.. When general two gets the message he should BEGIN ATTACKING.. General one will hear/see general two has began the attack and since he is ready, will start attacking as well.. General one keeps sending messengers until this happens..

  189. Mement0o says:

    If the chance of a messenger not making it is more than 0%. So they wont need an infinite number of messengers.The messengers have to be given a flare gun and if they find themselves in a situation where they might get captured he fires the flare gun in the air.

  190. Pir4te47 says:

    Either that or expend all their troops on either side trying to deliver messages and end up unable to fight a war, go home, get laid, and enjoy the democracy they’re trying to protect?

  191. yoshiyoshi218 says:

    As soon as the first messenger can reach the enemy camp, they must simply return to their own side and confirm the delivered message.

  192. Luna52392 says:

    Easy, they should try to keep it a secret from each other. Everyone knows that if you try to keep something a secret from someone, then it is a sure deffinet that the other person will find out.

  193. TheLonelyImmortal says:

    Are you saying that the problem is that the attacking general wants to be sure that the people he’s about to kill know that he’s about to kill them? Why send a messenger at all?

  194. Manatee59 says:

    If the messengers go to deliver a message, he/she would need to return to their respective base. The messenger would be required to acquire a response before returning.

  195. reiokami says:

    They should have devised a plan that when they received a message, they’d send up a signal flare or something equivalent to signify that they had received it… But I have a question for you, why are the generals trying to communicate in the first place, are they on the same side?

  196. TopazDragon22 says:

    Uh…its called guerrilla tactics and it involves not sending a messenger at all and just waiting til the other troops fall asleep and give them one hell of a wake up call. >:->

  197. Hedning1390 says:

    There is no problem. You don’t need to have confirmation of every message, just the first two. Once a general gets a message telling him that his message about hearing that the attack plan arrived then he don’t have to care any more if his future messages arrives. OK, that was hard to get clear. To sum it up you only need 4 messages including the war declaration.

  198. Hedning1390 says:

    Cont. The problem is introduced if they think that the enemy is feeding false information. However to combat that you need only to have some kind of predetermined identifier, like a code (preferably one that the messenger is unaware of), ensuring that it is a real reply and not an enemy forgery.

  199. Hedning1390 says:

    @reiokami Yes, they are on the same side. They want to ensure they attack with full force because if one general attacks alone his army will be defeated.

  200. wwickeddogg says:

    @Hedning1390 why 4? If the first general has to confirm that he received the confirmation, then he will not know if his confirmation was received. If he does not need to confirm that he received the confirmation, then the second general will not know if his original confirmation was received.

    If you only need 4 then you don’t really need confirmation and 1 is sufficient.

  201. HAHNMTLF says:

    One of the generals should respond by saying we are about to attack if your squad received this message please fire 5 shots into the air, thus commencing their battle

  202. Hedning1390 says:

    @wwickeddogg The system is set up so that you can never know if the last message you send arrives because the lack of response can be either that yours never arrived or that the response never arrived.. They had decided that they would send confirmation messages ie two messages has to arrive, so one + confirmation + the two that doesn’t need confirmation is 4.

  203. wwickeddogg says:

    @Hedning1390 Are you just not understanding that the second general would not know if the confirmation was received.

    If the second general does not receive a confirmation, then he would not know if the first general received his confirmation so therefore he might as well not have sent a confirmation.

  204. Hedning1390 says:

    @wwickeddogg He doesn’t have to know that the confirmation has been received. All they need to know to attack is when and where. If any of them fails to receive a reply within a reasonable time frame I am assuming that one will send his message again. So if message two disappears then general 1 will send message 1 again, telling general 2 that message two disappeared. Now if message 3 disappears then general 2 will of course send message 2 again, but he can still attack since he knows the plan.

  205. wwickeddogg says:

    @Hedning1390 If they just decide when and where beforehand then they won’t even need to send one message.

    I am assuming that if one of them fails to receive a message that the other one will not know since how could he know unless the other one sends a message saying he never received a message. In order for general 2 to know that general 1 got message number 4, general 1 will have to send a confirmation message unless general 2 receives confirmation message 5 he will not know.

  206. wwickeddogg says:

    @padybug16 lol, how would that change anything, the second general would still not know if the first general received his confirmation unless the first general sent the messenger back

  207. Hedning1390 says:

    @wwickeddogg If any one of them is sending a 5th message (not counting resending of the same message) then both obviously have the attack plan information and know that the other party knows the attack plan too. What more information do they need in order to attack? Messages 3 and 4 are not bringing any new information and thus won’t need confirmation.

  208. wwickeddogg says:

    @Hedning1390 the information is that the other general got the message. If they dont need confirmation then one message is sufficient.

  209. Hedning1390 says:

    @wwickeddogg They need to know that both of them know the plan, so they need confirmation. What they don’t need is to have confirmation on the confirmations ad infinitum. Once they are both comfortable in knowing that both of them have the attack plan they can attack.

  210. wwickeddogg says:

    @Hedning1390 They both already know the plan, the purpose of the messenger is to confirm readiness to attack at a specific time. If general 1 does not have confirmation that general 2 knows that general 1 confirmed that he received the message that general 2 received the confirmation that general 1 received his confirmation then general 1 cannot be sure that general 2 will attack.

  211. rockz1 says:

    After the general recieves the first message. Chop off the messengers head, lob it over the valley and begin the attack!

  212. deltatux says:

    Sounds like the classic TCP three-way-handshake problem lol. In the computer-world packets are just resent until they get a connection or report a time-out.

  213. Hedning1390 says:

    @wwickeddogg Ok, but if there are two beginning messages instead of one changes nothing. Just add a message then. After the second message where general two says he is ready too, they both have the information they need. So two + confirmation + the two that doesn’t need to be confirmed = 5. My point is that you only need 3 confirmation messages since only one confirmation have to arrive.

  214. wwickeddogg says:

    @Hedning1390 Ok, but if the first general does not receive confirmation that the second general received the first general’s confirmation, then he cannot be sure that the second general knows that the second general’s confirmation was received so then the second general’s confirmation served no purpose and if it served no purpose then there was no point in sending it. The only point in sending a confirmation is if you receive confirmation that the confirmation was received.

  215. wwickeddogg says:

    @Hedning1390 Why would you send two beginning messages? If only one confirmation arrives then the second general will not know that the first general received his confirmation, so then there was no point in sending it.

    I am not sure you actually understand the premise presented. Maybe you are just adding your own facts.

  216. Hedning1390 says:

    @wwickeddogg You said there were two beginning messages, ie the messages that are not confirmation messages: General 1 saying he is ready and general two saying he is ready. That’s two messages. The purpose of the last two messages is to make sure that the message before them arrived. From how it is set up the attack can not be imminent (they must allow travel time for the messenger), so there is time to confirm during the time between the point they both are ready until the attack begins.

  217. Hedning1390 says:

    @wwickeddogg Of course it will be ongoing if the messages read something like “I will be ready when I receive confirmation on this message” and not “I am ready. Lets attack in 2h”. However it is not a probable scenario and may only happen in poorly written computer programs.

  218. wwickeddogg says:

    @Hedning1390 No there is one message from general 1 saying “I am ready, the attack will start when you have confirmed that you will attack”. The message from general 2 says “I will attack only if I have confirmation that you will attack.” The message from general 1 says “I will attack only if I have confirmation that you will attack”…

  219. wwickeddogg says:

    @Hedning1390 The scenario is that the general needs confirmation that his message was received, with your message there is no confirmation necessary, one message is sufficient.

  220. Hedning1390 says:

    @wwickeddogg If both refuse to confirm that they will attack then what is the point of sending the messages in the first place? The problem is that there is no 100% sure way of telling if any specific message arrives. The problem is not that the generals are stupid and refuses to confirm to attack unless the other confirms first.

  221. wwickeddogg says:

    @Hedning1390 No the problem is that the assigned value of each message including the confirmations of the confirmations is the same. It does not matter why the generals refuse to attack without confirmation of their message because the value is assigned by the problem.

    You are fighting the hypothetical by changing the value of the subsequent messages. Your position is that the original message setting the attack is the most valuable and each subsequent confirmatory message is less valuable.

  222. Hedning1390 says:

    @wwickeddogg Indeed I am. However imo the scenario allows for this because it is using a possible real life scenario instead of a computer algorithm or similar. Thus the value of the messages are not assigned by the problem. If it were then there is no point of sending even a single message, because in order to stop sending messages you have to get to a point where a message has no value, and that will obviously never happen if by scenario definition every message is valued at 100%.

  223. Hedning1390 says:

    @wwickeddogg Yes, but paradoxes either have solutions or contain logically invalid or nonsensical statements. Just as Achilles and the tortoise this one have a solution, mainly because it is set in reality instead of being just some abstract problem. The alternative to there being a solution is to remove it from reality (as you have done imo) by positing that the generals won’t be increasingly sure that the other general will attack with each message confirming just that.

  224. wwickeddogg says:

    @Hedning1390 I do not agree. There are different paradoxes and some take advantage of the vagueness of language without being nonsensical. In this case it would be possible for the generals to be in an impossible position if for example they had been threatened that if they attacked alone, then their family would be killed by their emperor. Obviously they can’t send a message simply setting the time for the attack, because then if the messenger were caught, the enemy would know the plan.

  225. Hedning1390 says:

    @wwickeddogg Now you have changed the scenario to involve a risk in sending a message, however the message could be encoded or the messenger could keep it in his head. Also, as long as they both attack at the same time it might not matter if the enemy is prepared or not.

Leave a Reply

*




Facebook Comments:





Posted by | on | Filed under Daily News, Topical

home | video archives | about | chat | youtube | subscribe